Hypogonadism
Hypogonadism is a condition in which the body does not produce enough of the sex hormone testosterone. This can occur in both males and females, but is more common in males.
The main signs and symptoms are:
- Low libido or reduced interest in sex
- Erectile dysfunction
- Reduced muscle mass and strength
- Fatigue or low energy levels
- Mood changes like depression or irritability
Causes
Hypogonadism has two basic types:
- Primary hypogonadism - This means there is a problem with the testes or ovaries directly, which are the organs that produce sex hormones. Common causes are:
- Klinefelter syndrome (genetic disorder)
- Undescended testes
- Infection
- Injury
- Secondary hypogonadism - This is caused by a problem with the pituitary gland or hypothalamus in the brain, which signal the gonads to produce hormones. Causes include:
- Tumors
- Radiation therapy
- Medications
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis involves blood tests to measure hormone levels, and possibly genetic testing or imaging scans to identify any underlying cause.
Treatment depends on the likely cause and the patient's age:
- Hormone replacement therapy with testosterone pills, injections, gels or patches
- Stopping certain medications that can contribute to low testosterone
- Treating underlying health conditions
- Surgery for some cases like undescended testes
Without treatment, hypogonadism can lead to issues like osteoporosis, heart disease, and problems with fertility. Consulting a doctor at Renew Medical Clinic for appropriate diagnosis and management is important.