Estrogen - Renew Medical Clinic

What is estrogen?

Estrogen is a group of hormones that play an essential role in the growth and development of female sexual characteristics and the reproductive system. The three major naturally occurring estrogens in women are:

• Estrone
• Estradiol
• Estriol

What does estrogen do?

Estrogen has many important functions, including:

• Development of female secondary sex characteristics during puberty such as breast development, widening of the hips, and menstrual cycles
• Regulate the menstrual cycle
• Thicken the endometrium (uterine lining) to prepare for a fertilized egg
• Maintain pregnancy
• Regulate cholesterol and bone strength
• Influence cognition, mood, and behavior

Estrogen levels peak during the ovulation stage of the menstrual cycle and drop dramatically at menopause, stopping the menstrual cycle.

Where is estrogen produced?

In women, estrogen is predominantly produced by the ovaries. Smaller amounts are also produced by other tissues like fat cells and adrenal glands.

The main estrogen, estradiol, is produced from testosterone through an enzyme called aromatase. After menopause, aromatase in fat cells continues to produce estradiol.

Estrogen deficiency

Low estrogen levels can occur:

• During menopause
• From ovarian failure or surgery
• From extreme weight loss or excessive exercise

This deficiency can lead to symptoms like hot flashes, vaginal dryness, mood changes, sleep problems, bone loss, and even heart disease.

Estrogen hormone replacement therapy can help relieve these symptoms short-term. Consult with the professionals at Renew Medical Clinic to discuss the pros and cons.